Which entity is primarily responsible for ensuring biological safety in agricultural biotechnology?

The U.S. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) is primarily responsible for ensuring biological safety in agricultural biotechnology. APHIS operates under the USDA and specifically oversees the regulation of biotech organisms to ensure that their use does not pose a risk to wildlife, crops, and the environment. This includes evaluating the potential impacts of genetically engineered plants, animals, and microorganisms.

The agency's role is crucial in maintaining a balance between developing agricultural technologies and protecting agricultural and natural resources from potential risks associated with biotechnology. By implementing a rigorous permitting process and conducting environmental assessments, APHIS ensures that new biotechnological innovations comply with safety standards before they can be commercialized.

While the EPA and FDA also play significant roles in regulating agricultural biotechnology—especially regarding environmental impact and food safety, respectively—APHIS specifically addresses concerns related to the introduction of genetically modified organisms into the environment and their potential interactions with plant and animal health. Thus, APHIS's focus on safeguarding agricultural biotechnology aligns with the overarching aim of minimizing biological risks associated with these technologies.